Textile Dictionary ,WORDS X,Y & Z

 

X

1. XANTHATING: A process in rayon manufacture during which compound is reacted with alkali cellulose to supply bright orange viscose .

2. XENON-ARC LAMP: a kind of sunshine source utilized in fading lamps. it's an electrical discharge in an environment on xenon gas at a touch below air pressure , contained during a quartz tube.

Y

1. YARDAGE: the quantity or length of a cloth expressed in yards.

2. YARD GOODS: Fabric sold on a retail basis by the running yard.

3. YARN: A generic term for endless strand of textile fibers, filaments, or material during a form suitable for knitting, weaving, or otherwise intertwining to make a textile fabric. Yarn occurs within the following forms: (1) variety of fibers twisted together (spun yarn); (2) variety of filaments laid along side out twist (a zero-twist yarn); (3) variety of filaments laid together with a degree of twist; (4) one filament with or without twist (a monofilament); or (5) a narrow strip of fabric , like paper, film , or metal foil, with or without twist, intended to be used during a textile construction.

4. YARN CONSTRUCTION: A term wont to indicate the amount of singles yarns and therefore the number of strands combined for form each successive unit of a plied yarn or cord.

5. YARN DYEING DIFFERENCES: Variations in take-up of dyes by yarns, leading to streaks in finished fabrics.

6. YARN INTERMEDIATE: A generic term for products obtained during the conversion of fibers to yarn, including card webs, laps, slivers, rovings, and tops.

7. YARN NUMBER: A relative measure of the fineness of yarns. Two classes of systems are in use: (1) Direct yarn number (equal to linear density) is that the mass per unit length of yarn. this technique is employed for silk and made filament yarns. (2) Indirect yarn number (equal to the reciprocal of linear density) is that the length per unit mass of yarn. this technique is employed for cotton, linen, and wool-type spun yarns. 

8. YARN QUALITY: Various grades of yarn designated by the producer with reference to performance characteristics, e.g., first quality, second quality, etc.

9. YARN-TO-CORD CONVERSION EFFICIENCY: In tire cord, this is often a measurement relating lastingness of untwisted yarn to lastingness of cord. Increasing cord twist or increasing yarn diameter lowers conversion efficiency.

10. YELLOWNESS COEFFICIENT: Measure of the colour of a molded acetate disc or dope solution. Cy = 1-T4400/T6400 where Cy is that the yellowness coefficient; T4400 is that the transmission at 4400A (blue); and T6400 is that the transmission at 6400A (orange).

11. YIELD: 1. Number of linear or square yards of cloth per pound of fiber or yarn. 2. the amount of finished square yards per pound of greige fabric.

12. YIELD POINT: Point on the stress-strain curve where the load and elongation stop being directly proportional 

13. YOUNG’S MODULUS: A property of perfectly elastic materials, it's the ratio of change in stress to vary in strain within the elastic limits of the fabric . The ratio is calculated from the strain expressed effective per unit cross sectional area, and therefore the strain expressed as a fraction of the first length. Modulus so calculated is like the force required to strain the sample 100% of its original length, at the speed prevailing below the elastic limit.

Z

1. ZEIN FIBER: A manufactured fiber of regenerated protein derived from maize.

2. ZERO-TWIST: Twistless, barren of twist.