Textile Dictionary ,WORDS E

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1. EASE-OF-CARE: A term accustomed characterize fabrics that, after laundering, are often restored to their original appearance with a minimum of ironing or other treatment. An ease-of-care fabric generally wrinkles only slightly upon laundering.

2. EDGE ROLL: The curl that develops on the sting of a single-knit fabric preventing it from lying flat.

3. ELASTICITY: the flexibility of a strained material to recover its original size and shape immediately after removal of the strain that causes deformation.

4. ELASTIC LIMIT: In strength and stretch testing, the load below which the specimen shows elasticity and above which it shows permanent deformation.

5. ELASTIC RECOVERY: The degree to which fibers, yarn, or cord returns to its original size and shape after deformation from stress.

6. ELASTOMERS: Synthetic polymers having properties of natural rubber like high stretch ability and recovery.

7. ELMENDORF TEAR TESTER: A tester designer to work out the tearing strength of paper. it's also accustomed measure the tearing strength of very lightweight fabrics and resin-finished apparel fabrics. A trapezoidal fabric sample is used .

8. ELONGATION: The deformation within the direction of load caused by a tensile force. Elongation is measured in units of length (e.g., millimeters, inches) or calculated as a percentage of the primary specimen length. Elongation could even be measured at any specified load or at the breaking load.

9. ELONGATION AT BREAK: the rise long when the last component of the specimen breaks.

10. EMBOSSING: A calendaring process for producing raised or projected figures or designs in relief on fabric surfaces. Embossed surfaces are usually produced on fabrics by engraved, heated rollers that gives a raised effect. Embossed velvet or plush is made by shearing the pile to different levels or by pressing a neighborhood of the pile flat.

11. EMBROIDERY: Ornamental designs worked on a cloth with threads. Embroidery could even be done either by hand or by machine.

12. EMULSION: A suspension of finely divided liquid droplets during a second liquid, i.e., oil in water or the other way around .

13. EMULSION POLYMERIZATION: A three-phase reaction system consisting of monomer, an aqueous phase containing the initiator, and colloidal particles of polymer. Polymerization takes place within the colloidal phase. the method enables the assembly of very high molecular weights at increased polymerization rates. Only applicable to addition polymers.

14. EMULSION SPINNING: the method of spinning synthetic polymers in dispersion form, then heating to coalesce the dispersed phase . Normally a matrix polymer provides support until coalescence is completed.

15. END: 1. a private warp yarn. A warp consists of sort of ends. 2. a private sliver, slubbings, roving, yarn, thread, or cord. 3. a brief length or remnant of cloth .

16. END OUT: A void caused by a missing warp yarn.

17. ENTANGLING: 1. a way of forming a cloth by wrapping and knotting fibers during an internet about each other , by mechanical means, or by the use of jets of pressurized water, so on bond the fibers

18. ENTERING: the method of threading each warp yarn on a loom beam through a separate drop wire, heddle, and reed space in preparation for weaving. This process could also be done by hand or by a semiautomatic machine.

19. EPITROPIC FIBERS: Fibers with an altered surface property, e.g., electrically conducting, abrasive, etc.

20. EPOXY RESIN: In textiles, a compound utilized in durable-press applications for white fabrics. It provides chlorine resistance but causes loss of lastingness .

21. ESTERIFICATION: The chemical change of mixing an acid and an alcohol to make an ester. cellulose ester is an ester formed by the reaction of acetic acid and thus the hydroxyl groups of cellulose. Polyethylene terephthalate, the foremost common fiber-forming polyester, could also be a product of esterification of terephthalic acid with glycol .

22. ETHYLENE: A petroleum derivative (C2H4) that's the staple for polyethylene.

23. ETHYLENE GLYCOL: A viscous, sweet, colorless liquid, (CH2OHCH2OH). Principal uses are as an intermediate within the manufacture of polyester fibers and as automobile antifreeze.

24. EVENNESS TESTING: Determination of the variation in weight per unit length and thickness of yarns or fibers aggregates like roving, sliver, or top.

25. EXCESSIVE CLEARER WASTE: a better than normal amount of short and regular fibers that become attached to the drafting rolls and are transferred to the clearer brushes to accumulate in abnormal amounts until they're removed manually.

26. EXHAUSTION: During wet processing, the ratio at any time between the quantity of dye or substance haunted by the substrate and therefore the amount originally available.

27. EXTRACTION: Removal of 1 substance from another, often accomplished by means of a solvent.

28. EXTRUDER: 1. generally a machine during which molten or semisoft materials are forced struggling through a die to form continuous tubes, sheets, or fibers. it's going to contains a barrel, heating elements, a screw, ram or plunger, and a die through which the material is pushed to supply it shape. 2. In fiber manufacture the machine that feeds molten polymer to an extrusion manifold or that first melts the polymer during a consistent manner then feeds it to manifold and associated equipment for extrusion.

29. EYELET: 1. a series of small holes made to receive a string or tape. A stitch is worked around the holes. 2. a kind of yarn guide used on a creel.