Textile Dictionary ,WORDS M

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1. MACE SNAG TEST: A test for evaluation of snagging performance. a cloth sample is mounted on a revolving drum in touch with a miniature mace that tracks randomly across the sample. The spikes of the mace effect the snagging. The test predicts leads to actual wear.

2. MACHINE DIRECTION: The long direction within the place of the material , i.e., the direction during which the material is being produced by the machine.

3. MACHINE TWIST: A hard-twist sewing thread, usually of 3-ply construction spun with S twists and plied with Z twist, especially made to be used in sewing machines.

4. MACROLATTICE: A repeating structure in very small micro fibrils of alternating crystalline and amorphous regions. Yarn properties are thought to be governed by morphology at the macro lattice scale.

5. MADRAS: a light-weight , plain weave fabric with a striped, checked, or plaid pattern. True madras is “guaranteed to bleed.”

6. MALLORY FATIGUE TEST: A test to live the endurance properties of tire cord.

7. MANDRELL: The core around which the impregnated filaments are placed to make a specified shape in composite manufacture.

8. MANILA: Fiber obtained from the leaf stalks of the abaca plant. it's generally used for cordage.

9. MARKER: within the floor coverings industry, a particular threadline within the back of a carpet that permits the installer to assemble breadths of carpet in order that the pile lays in one direction approximately that patterns match.

10. MARL YARN: A yarn made up of two rovings of contrasting colors drafted together, then spun. Provides a mottled effect.

11. MARQUISETTE: a light-weight , open-mesh fabric made from cotton, silk, or manufactured fibers during a leno, doup, or gauze weave. Marquisettes are used for curtains, dresses, mosquito nets, and similar end uses.

12. MARRIED FIBER CLUMP: A defect that happens in converter top. It consists of a gaggle of unopened, almost coterminous fibers with the crimp in register.

13. MATELASSÉ: A soft, double or compound fancy-woven fabric with a quilted appearance. Heavier types are used as draperies and upholsteries. Crepe matelassé is employed for dresses, wraps, and other apparel. Matelassé is typically woven on a Jacquard loom .

14. MATERIAL BALANCES: A mathematical representation of fabric flow through a reaction system. The input material is accounted for throughout its various transformations.

15. MATRIX FIBER: 1. A manufactured fiber that's essentially a physical combination or mixture of two or more chemically distinct constituents or components combined at or before the time of extrusion (i.e., produced in fiber form), which components if separately extruded would each fall within different definitions of textile fiber. (FTC definition). Matrix fibril fibers have the fibril constituent randomly arranged across the cross section of the matrix. When the fibril component is in high concentration it's going to actually form a fibrillar network within the matrix. 2. In aerospace textiles, a thermoplastic fiber used with reinforcing fiber to make a composite after consolidation with heat and pressure. 3. In nonwovens manufacture, fibers that are blended with low-melt fibers to make a thermally bonded fabric.

16. MATTED STAPLE: Fiber within the bale that's compressed and entangled during a manner indicating that the fiber was either too wet at the baling operation or that excessive baling pressure was used.

17. MECHANICAL FINISHING: Changing the looks or physical properties of a cloth by a mechanical process like calendaring, embossing, bulking, compacting, or creping.

18. MENDING: A process in woven fabric manufacture during which weaving imperfections, tears, broken yarns, and similar defects are repaired after weaving; especially on woolen and worsted fabrics to organize them for dyeing, finishing, or other processing.

19. MERCERIZATION: A treatment of cotton yarn or fabric to extend its luster and affinity for dyes. the fabric is immersed under tension during a cold caustic soda (caustic soda) solution in warp or skein form or within the piece, and is later neutralized in acid. the method causes a permanent swelling of the fiber and thus increases its luster.

20. MERGE: a gaggle to which fiber production is assigned supported properties and dye ability. All fibers within a merge are often expected to behave uniformly, and for this reason, are often mixed or used interchangeably.

21. MERINO: 1. Wool from purebred merino . Merino wool usually features a mean fiber diameter of 24 microns or less. 2. A yarn of blended wool and cotton fibers.

22. MESH FABRICS: A broad term for cloth characterized by open spaces between the yarns. Mesh fabrics could also be woven, knit, lace, net, crochet, etc.

23. META: A chemical prefix, usually abbreviated m, that denotes that two substituent’s on a benzene formula are separated by one atom .

24. METERING PUMP: A positive displacement device that pumps a measured amount of polymer solution to the spinnerets.

25. METIER: A textile machine for producing manufactured fibers. The bank of cells or compartments and associated equipment utilized in the dry spinning of fibers, like cellulose ester and triacetate .

26. METIER TWIST: the quantity of twist present in yarn wound at the metier.

27. METRIC COUNT: the amount of kilometers per kilogram of yarn.

28. MICRODENIER: Refers to fibers having but 1 denier per filament or 0.1 tex per filament.

29. MICROENCAPSULATION: Enclosing materials in capsules of but one micron to over 2000 microns in diameter. These can contain polymer additives which will then be released under certain conditions of use or processing.

30. MICRONAIRE METHOD: a way of measuring fiber fineness by determining the resistance of a sample to a flow of air forced through it.

31. MIGRATION: 1. Movement of dye from one area of dyed fabric to a different . Includes movement of color from the dyed area to the undyed area of fabric . 2. Movement of fibers which go from the middle to the surface surface of yarn and back again periodically.

32. MIL: A unit of length, 0.001 inch, commonly used for measuring the diameter of wires and textile monofilaments.

33. MILDEW: A whitish growth caused by spore-forming fungi that grow during a warm, moist, confined atmosphere. The formation of mildew may cause discoloration, tendering, or variation in dyeing properties in cellulosic fiber.

34. MILDEW RESISTANCE: The degree to which fabrics are unaffected by certain fungi that cause odor and discoloration.

35. MINERAL FIBERS: A generic term for all non-metallic, inorganic fibers, which can be natural, like asbestos, or manufactured from such sources as rock, ore, alloys, slag, or glass.

36. MISPICK: A weaving defect during which a pick is badly interlaced, leading to an opportunity within the weave pattern. Mispicks may result from starting the loom on the wrong pick after a pick-out.

37. MISS-STITCH: A knitting construction formed when the needle holds the old loop and doesn't receive new yarn. It connects two loops of an equivalent course that aren't in adjacent wales. Also referred to as float-stitch.

38. MIXED END or FILLING: Warp or filling yarn differing from that normally utilized in the material , e.g., yarn with the wrong twist or number of plies, yarn of the incorrect color, or yarn from the incorrect lot.

39. MOCK DYEING: A heat stabilization process for yarns. The yarns are wound onto packages and subjected to package dyeing conditions (water, pressure, temperature) but without dye an chemicals within the bath.

40. MODACRYLIC FIBER: A manufactured fiber during which the fiberforming substance is any long chain synthetic polymer composed of less that 85% but a minimum of 35% by weight of acrylonitrile units (FTC definition). Both wet and dry spinning are used. CHARACTERISTICS: Although modacrylics are almost like acrylics in properties and application, certain important differences exist.

41. Modacrylics have superior resistance to chemicals and combustion, but they're more heat sensitive (lower safe ironing temperature) and have a better relative density (less cover). END USES: The principal applications of modacrylic fibers are in pile fabrics, flame-retardant garments, draperies, and carpets.

42. MOLESKIN: an important sateen-weave fabric made with heavy, soft-spun filling yarns. the material is sheared and napped to supply a suede effect.

43. MONK’S CLOTH: A rough, substantial, rather bulky fabric made from very coarse yarn during a 4- and-4 or similar basket-weave construction.

44. MORDANT: A chemical utilized in some textile fibers to supply affinity for dyes.

45. MORESQUE: A multicolored yarn formed by twisting or plying single strands of various colors.

46. MORPHOLOGY: The study of the spectrum line of a fiber or other material.

47. MOTE: alittle piece of seed or substance in cotton. Motes are removed by boiling the fiber or fabric in caustic soda , then bleaching. When not removed, they will leave a dark spot within the fabric.

48. MUFF: A loose skein of textured yarn prepared for dyeing or bulking. within the bulking operation, the yarn contracts and therefore the resulting skein resembles a muff.

49. MUSLIN: A broad term describing a good sort of plain-weave cotton or polyester/cotton fabrics starting from lightweight sheers to heavier shirting and sheeting.

50. MUSSINESS: a cloth defect on the surface that's characterized by undesirable unevenness caused by many minor deformations. Mussiness is independent of the presence of soil.