Textile Dictionary ,WORDS G

G

1. GABARDINE: A firm, durable, warp-faced cloth, showing a decided twill line, usually a 45° or 63° right-hand twill.

2. GAITING: The spacing of the needles within the dial and cylinder in reference to one another on rib (double-knit) and interlock knitting machines. In rib gaiting, the dial needles are midway between the cylinder needles. For interlock gaiting the dial and cylinder needles are in direct alignment.

3. GALATEA: A sturdy, serviceable, warp-effect, five-shaft, left-hand twill-weave fabric, frequently cotton or a cotton blend, used for children’s play clothes.

4. GAMMA CELLULOSE: one among the three sorts of cellulose. With beta cellulose it's called Hemicelluloses.

5. GARNETTING: A process for reducing various textile waste materials to fiber by passing them through a machine called a garnett, that's almost like a card.

6. GAS FADING: Changes of shade of dyed fabric caused by reaction between certain disperse dyes and acid gases from fuel combustion, particularly oxides of nitrogen.

7. GAUGE: 1. A generic term for various measurement instruments like pressure or thickness gauges. 2. the amount of needles per given distance during a textile machine . 3. The thickness of the needle within the shank and therefore the hook. 4. the amount of wales per inch during a knit fabric. 5. On spinning or twisting frames, the space from the middle of 1 spindle to the middle of subsequent spindle within the same row.

8. GAUGE WIRE: Used with an additional filling yarn during weaving, this sort of standing wire controls the peak of cloth pile.

9. GAUZE: a skinny , sheer-woven fabric during which each filling yarn in encircled by two warp yarns twisted around one another , gauze is analogous to cheesecloth. it's going to be made from silk, cotton, wool, or manufactured fibers. Cotton gauze is primarily for surgical dressings.

10. GEL: 1. A colloid during which the dispersed phase have combined with the continual phase to supply a viscous, jelly-like product. 2. Degraded polymer occurring in process lines. 

11. GINGHAM: A woven fabric characterized by a block or check effect produced by weaving in dyed yarns at fixed intervals in both the warp and therefore the filling.

12. GLACÉ: A lustrous, glossy effect imparted to fabrics by finishing. END USES: optical fiber is employed for warmth and electrical insulation, filter cloth within the chemical and dye industries, reinforcing belts in tires, novelty fabrics, tablecloths, and fireproof draperies. due to its brittleness, it's not utilized in apparel or in household fabrics that need to withstand frequent flexing.

13. GLAZING: 1. A finishing process that produces a smooth, highly polished, or lustrous surface on a cloth like chintz. the material is treated with starch, glue, paraffin, or shellac, then friction calendered. Synthetic resins are used for a more permanent finish. 2. A shiny fabric appearance produced unintentionally, e.g., by pressing at excessive temperature.

14. GLOBAL RADIATION: The wavelength distribution of sunlight under a given environment

(e.g., under windowpane glass).

15. GODET ROLL: Roll used for transporting and controlling the movement of bundles of fibers and yarns within the processing of those materials.

16. GOUT: Foreign matter that's accidentally woven into a cloth . it's usually fly or waste that drops into the loom during weaving or that catches in yarns during spinning.

17. GRAB STRENGTH TEST: a way for measuring the breaking strength of a cloth sample by mounting the sample within the tensile tester in order that only a neighborhood of the width of the specimen is gripped within the clamps.

18. GREEN TACK: A term utilized in fabric bonding for the preliminary bond created within the first stage of curing by the wet adhesive process. At now , the bond isn't fully cured and hence is “green.”

19. GREIGE FABRIC: An unfinished fabric just off the loom or textile machine .

20. GRENADINE: 1. A fine, loosely woven fabric in leno weave made with dyed filling yarns and having a clipped dobby design. 2. A silk cord constructed by twisting together several twisted strands.

21. GREX: 1. A unit of linear density adequate to the load in grams of 10 kilometers of yarn, filament, fiber, or other textile strand. 2. The system of yarn numbering supported the utilization of grex units. 

22. GRINNING: 1. A flaw in fabric, especially a ribbed fabric, that happens when warp threads show through the covering filling threads or when the threads have slipped leaving open spaces on either side. 2. A condition that happens when the carpet backing shows through the pile. 3. A printing term pertaining to either poor cover where the background shade shows through the print or to the “two-tone” appearance of a shade printed with incompatible dyes.

23. GRIPPER LOOMS: Shuttle less looms. These looms employ a projectile with a jaw that grips the top of the filling yarn during the insertion of the pick.

24. GROSGRAIN: an important fabric with prominent ribs, grosgrain features a dressy appearance and is employed in ribbons, vestments, and ceremonial cloths.

25. GROUND COLOR: A term describing the plain background color against which a design is made .

26. GUIDE BAR: A mechanism on a warp-knitting machine that directs warp threads to the latch needles.

27. GUIDES: Fittings of varied shapes for controlling the trail of a thread line.

28. GUILLOTINE: Cutting device that consists of one blade that descends between guides for chopping fibers, plastic strands, etc.

29. GUM: A term covering a good range of drugs . Strictly, gums are carbohydrate high polymers, either soluble or dispersible in water, that are derived from vegetable origins. Loosely, the term gum is employed to mean resins, saps, natural rubber, chicle, starch, cellulose derivatives, and lots of other products. In textile printing, the term refers to print-paste thickeners.