Textile Dictionary ,WORDS I

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1. IMBIBITION: A measure of the liquid or water-holding capacity of a textile material.

2. IMPACT RESISTANCE: 1. The resistance of a cloth to fracture by a blow, expressed in terms of the number of energy absorbed before fracture. 2. In yarn or cord, the facility to confront to instantaneous or rapid rate of loading.

3. IMPREGNATED FABRIC: Fabric during which the interstices between the yarns are completely filled, as compared to sized or coated material where the interstices aren't completely filled. Not included within the definition could also be a woven fabric constructed from impregnated yarns, rather than one impregnated after weaving.

4. INDEX OF REFRACTION: Ratio of the speed of sunshine in one medium to its velocity during a second medium because the sunshine passes from medium to medium. If a medium is crystalline, the speed may depend on the direction of the sunshine with regard to the crystalline axes and thus the substance may have several indexes of refraction, i.e., it's getting to be birefringent. 

5. INDIGO: Originally, a natural blue vat dye extracted from plants, especially the Indigo era tinctoria plant. Most indigo dyes today are synthetic. they're frequently used on dungarees and denims.

6. INFLATABLE STUCTURES: Structures opened or enlarged by input of air and, once enlarged, able to retain the air to require care of the distended position.

7. INFLOW QUENCH: Cooling air for extruded polymer filaments that's directed radially inward across the trail of the filaments. The threadline is completely enclosed during a quench cabinet in inflow quenching.

8. INHERENT FLAME RESISTANCE: As applied to textiles, flame resistance that derives from a crucial characteristic of the fiber from which the textile is made .

9. INHIBITOR: A substance that retards or prevents a chemical or phase transition . In textiles, a agent that's added to prevent fading, degradation, or other undesirable effects.

10. INITIAL MODULUS: The slope of the initial straight portion of the strain strain curve. The modulus is that the ratio of the change in stress, expressed in newtons per Tex, grams-force per Tex, or grams-force per denier, to the change in strain expressed as a fraction of the primary length.

11. INITIATOR: A chemical added to start out out a reaction like polymerization. Unlike catalysts, initiators could even be consumed during the reaction.

12. INSPECTION: the tactic of examining textiles for defects at any stage of manufacturing and finishing.

13. INSTRON TENSILE TESTER: A high precision electronic test instrument designed for testing a selection of cloth under a broad range of test conditions. it's used to measure and chart the load-elongation properties of fibers, yarns, fabrics, webbings, plastics, films, rubber, leather, paper, etc. 

14. INTAGLIO: 1. Printing style during which the design is dig the surface of the cylinder and is thus below the surface. 2. A lustrous, brocade pattern knitted during a tricot fabric.

15. INTENSITY: 1. the number of energy per unit (space, charge, time). 2. The brilliance of a color. 3. The brightness of sunshine .

16. INTERFACIAL POLYMERIZATION: Polymerization during which two reactive monomers, each dissolved in several solvents that are mutually immiscible, react at the interface between the two solutions.

17. INTERLINING: padding or stiffening fabric utilized in garment manufacture to provide shape retention. Interlining is sandwiched between layers of fabric .

18. INTERLOCK KNIT: to provide an interlock knit, long and short needles are arranged alternately in both the dial and cylinder; the needles within the dial and cylinder are also positioned in direct alignment.When the long and short needles knit in alternate feeds in both needle housings, a cloth with a sort of cross 1 x 1 rib effect is produced.

19. INTERMINGLING: 1.Provides dimensional stability and cohesion for further processing but isn't of itself a texturing process. it's compatible with high-speed spin-drawing and high-speed take-up. as compared with twisting processes, it also permits increased take-up package size. 2. Combining two or more yarns via an intermingling jet. are often used to get effect yarns, i.e., mixing dye variants to urge heather effects upon subsequent dyeing.

20. INTERMITTENT PATTERN: A pattern occurring in interrupted sequence.

21. INTERNAL DYE VARIABILITY: The change from point to point in dye uniformity across the diameter and along the length of the individual filaments. Affects appearance of the dyed product and should be a function of fiber, dye, dyeing process, and dye bath characteristics.

22. INTERNATIONAL GRAY SCALE: A scale distributed through AATCC that's used as a comparison standard to rate degrees of fading from 5 (negligible or no change) to 1 (severe change). The term is typically applied to any scale of quality during which 5 is superb and 1 is poor.

23. INTIMATE BLEND: how of blending two or more dissimilar fibers during a really uniform mixture. Usually the stock is mixed before or at the picker.

24. INTRINSIC VISCOSITY: Ratio of the precise viscosity (R.V.-1) of a solution of known concentration to the concentration of solute extrapolated to zero concentration. Also called the limiting viscosity number. it's directly proportional to the polymer-average relative molecular mass .

25. IONOMER: A polymer having covalent bonds between the constituents of the long-chain molecules and ionic bonds between the chains.

26. ISOTACTIC POLYMER: A polymer structure during which there is a daily spatial or stereo relationship from one repeat unit to subsequent .

27. ISOTHERM: Constant temperature line used on graphs of climate or thermodynamic relations, like pressure-volume relations at constant temperature.

28. ISOTROPIC: Having the same physical properties in every direction within the plane of a cloth . it's related to the random distribution of fibers in nonwoven manufacture.