Textile Dictionary ,WORDS B

B

1. Backstrap loom: Backstrap looms, because the name implies, are tied round the weaver's waist on one end and around a stationary object like a tree, post, or door on the other. Tension can be adjusted simply by leaning back. Backstrap looms are very portable, since they will simply be rolled up and carried.

2. Baize: Baize is a coarse woolen or cotton cloth, often colored red or green.

3. Ballistic nylon: Ballistic nylon is a thick, tough synthetic fabric used for a variety of applications.

4. Barathea: Barathea is defined as an indistinct twill or broken rib. It is usually a twilled hopsack weave having a fine textured, slightly pebbled surface. Used for neckties, women's fine suits and coats, men's and women's evening wear.

5. Batik: Batik is an Indonesian traditional word and refers to a generic wax-resist dyeing technique used on fabric.

6. Bedford cord: Bedford cord is a combination of two kinds of weave, namely plain and drill. It is a durable fabric that's often utilized in upholstery or outerwear.

7. Beam: A cylinder of wood or metal having a circular flange on each end on which Warp yarns are wound for warp knitting, weaving, and slashing.

8. Beaming: The process of winding warp yarns onto a beam for preparation of warp knitting, weaving, or slashing. This process is also called warping.

9. Beating–Up: The last operation of the loom in weaving, in which the last pick inserted in the fabric is “beat” into position against the preceding pick, usually by a “comb-like” device called a reed.

10. Bicomponent Yarns: Spun or filament yarns of two generic fibers or two variants of an equivalent generic fiber.

11. Bi-directional Fabric: A fabric having reinforcing fibers in two directions, i.e. in the warp (machine) direction and filling (cross-machine) direction.

12. Bias: The bias direction of slightly of woven fabric, usually mentioned simply as "the bias", is at 45 degrees to its warp and weft threads. Every piece of woven fabric has two biases, perpendicular to every other.

13. Binding: In sewing, binding is used as both a noun and a verb to ask finishing a seam or hem of a garment, usually by rolling or pressing then stitching on an edging or trim.

14. Blend:

• A yarn obtained when two or more staple fibers are combined during a textile process for producing spun yarns.
• A cloth that contains a blended yarn in both the warp and filling direction.

15. Braid:

• a. A narrow textile band, often used as trimming or binding, formed by plaiting several strands of yarn. The fabric is made by interlacing the yarns diagonally to the assembly axis of the fabric .
• b. In aerospace textiles, systems of three or more yarns which are interlaced in such how that no two yarns are twisted around each other . Biaxial Braid - Braided structure with two yarn systems running in one direction and therefore the other within the other way . Triaxial Braid - a braided structure with axial yarns running within the longitudinal direction.

16. Braid Angle: The oblique angle measured from the axis of the material or rope to a braiding yarn.

17. Braided Fabric: A narrow fabric made by crossing sort of strands diagonally so that every strand passes alternately over or under one or more of the other strands.

18. Braiding: The interwinding of three or more strands to make a cord or narrow fabric

19. Break Factor: A measure of yarn strength calculated as:

• a. The product of breaking strength times the indirect yarn number.
• b. The product of breaking strength times the reciprocal of the direct yarn number.

20. Breaking Strength:

•  The utmost resultant internal force that resists rupture during a tension test.
• The load (or force) required to interrupt , or rupture, a specimen during a tensile test made consistent with a specified standing operating procedure .

21. Breaking Tenacity: the tensile stress at rupture of a specimen expressed as Newton’s per Tex (CN/tex).

22. Broadcloth: A fabric so named because it is woven in widths exceeding 29 inches.

23. Broad Goods: Woven fabrics 18 inches or more in width.

24. Broken End: A broken, untied warp yarn in a fabric. Broken ends may result from: slubs, knots, improper shuttle alignment, shuttle hitting the warp shed, excessive warp tension, faulty sizing, and rough reeds, heddles, drop wires, or shuttles.

25. Broken Pick: A broken filling yarn in a fabric. Broken Picks may result from: excessive shuttle tension, weak yarn, or filling coming in-tuned with a sharp surface.

26. Brocade: Brocade is a fabric where the patterns are woven with a supplementary weft.

27. Buckram: Buckram is a stiff cloth, made of cotton or linen, which is used to cover, and protect, a book, and although more expensive than its lookalike, Brella, is stronger and resistant to cockroaches eating it. Buckram can also be used to stiffen clothes.

28. Burlap: Burlap may be a North American term which define a sort of cloth often used for sacks within the united kingdom the equivalent nomenclature is Hessian.